Abstract: Vertical vegetative differentiation exists in the eastern mountainous area of Northern Liaoning Province, while horizontal vegetative differentiation occurs in the central plain and western sandy meadow. Study on the correlation between the vegetative differentiation and ecosystem shows that the characters of regional topography directly control and affect the ecological environments such as local climate, microclimate, weathering, soil forming, hydrogeology and geochemistry of hypergenic zone, and then the species and distribution of plant and animal communities. There is an interaction and restriction between topography and living natures (plants, animals, microorganism and human beings). Small and middle scaled topography influences microclimate. The microclimate then influences biology.