Abstract: The characteristics and reasons of element enrichment in upper soil layer and its impact on the environment can be understood by research on the ratios of element contents in upper and deep soil layers. This paper compares the contents of some elements in upper and deep soil layers to analyze the ratios and distribution characteristics, with an investigation of the regional enrichment of Cd. The result shows that the soil-forming rocks, element chemical properties, pH values and human activities play an important role in the enrichment of elements in soil. It is suggested that the study on the content changes of elements in the soil should be based on a combination of factors such as geology, geochemistry and human activities.