Abstract: Pengboshan area is an important gold and polymetallic metallogenic belt in Northwest China, where gold and polymetallic mineralization is controlled by strata, structures and magmatism. Analysis shows that the Paleoproterozoic Beishan Group, Middle Ordovician Xianshuihu Formation, Lower Carboniferous Baishan Formation and Lower Permian Shuangbaotang Formation have favorable geochemical conditions for the forming of gold, silver, lead (zinc), tungsten and other minerals. The spatial distribution of the gold and polymetallic deposits is obviously related to that of the acidicintermediate intrusive rocks in this area. The mineralization time is consistent with the Late Paleozoic magmatism. The NWNE trending faults control the occurrence of the deposits. Accordingly, the direction for future exploration in the area is pointed out.