Abstract: Selenium(Se) is one of the essential trace elements for human beings and animals, thus the development and utilization of Se-rich soil have bright prospects. The Se content in the soil of high-quality rice planting area of eastern Wuchang City, Heilongjiang Province, is 0.03×10^-6-0.5×10^-6, averagely 0.245×10^-6, with Se-low and Se-deficient soil areas accounting for 90.37%, Se-sufficient area 9.48% and Se-rich area only 0.15%. Further study shows that Se-low parent material is the main cause for soil Se deficiency in the area. The spatial distribution of soil Se content is affected by soil texture, oxides, organic matter and micro-terrain.