Abstract: Based on the results of multi-objective regional geochemical survey in central and southern Songliao Plain during 2003-2008, 6553 soil samples are selected to study the variation characteristics of organic matters and nutrient elements including C, N, S, P, Ca, K, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu, Mo, Mn and B in typical black soil. It is found that the content variation of structural elements such as C, N, S and P, as well as other elements including Cu, Mg, Fe and Ca, has positive correlation with that of organic matters in typical black soil. The content change of nutrient elements is closely related to parent materials and soil types. For instance, Mn content is generally high in black soil. The macro-background of soil in China and Songliao Plain is characterized by high K and low Mo and B in typical black soil. Bioclimatic zone is an important factor affecting the variation of organic matters and some nutrient elements. The climatic conditions of temperate-cold temperate zones affect the physical-chemical properties of soil such as grain size, clay fraction acid-base property of soil and then the change of element content.