Abstract: The geological characteristics of sedimentary copper deposit in Muchuan area of Sichuan Province are studied based on the outcrop section, deep drilling and sampling test analysis of Upper Permian Xuanwei Formation. The results show that the copper formation is a single layer structure with the thickness of 0.45-1.53 m and ore grade of 0.57%-0.76%. The copper deposit is of synsedimentary type in tidal flat environment, without hydrothermal or sedimentary transformation, and the ore-forming materials are derived from Emeishan basalts with high Cu background value. It is concluded that the sedimentary copper deposit in the study area has favorable metallogenic conditions and great prospecting potential.