Abstract: Gold is one of the dominant minerals in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces, with abundant resources and multiple types. Through systematic collection and sorting of the existing geological data of gold deposits, the paper comprehensively summarizes the resources endowment, deposit types, ore-controlling factors, spatiotemporal distribution rule, metallogenic evolution and resources potential of gold deposits in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The gold deposits in the area can be classified into 6 genetic types, with 48 main prediction types in 5 metallogenic periods. The gold deposits are mainly occurred in such tectonic units as active continental margin and island (volcanic) arc which have experienced multistage tectonic movements and frequent magmatic activities, especially the Variscan-Yanshanian large-scale tectonic and magmatic activities are important controlling factors for gold deposit formation. By summarizing the above results, 34 important prospecting potential areas for gold deposits are identified in the study area, and the gold resources potential and prospecting direction are defined. It is proposed the way to achieve prospecting breakthrough by strengthening exploration in key prospective areas and beneath and around the known gold deposits.