Abstract: With the continuous deepening of natural gas hydrate exploration and production test, the industrialization of hydrate development meets a bottleneck for the scientific theoretical research and technical equipment development in major countries of the world. At present, only a few countries such as China, Japan and the United States are still actively promoting long-term hydrate production test to break the bottleneck. Since 2014, when Japan and the United States reached an intention to cooperate on a long-term onshore production test project in Alaska, the two countries have basically completed the preparatory work before the gas production test. Based on the summary of previous short- and medium-term hydrate production test projects and necessity of long-term production test, the paper focuses on the project team's selection of test sites, drilling of formation test wells as well as characterization of target reservoirs based on data acquisition. It is suggested that China may strengthen in-depth exchanges and cooperation with Russia in the fields related to hydrate exploration and development (especially long-term onshore production test) as the absence of suitable areas for long-term onshore production test. Although China has led the way in hydrate production test in terms of gas production duration, maximum daily gas production and cumulative gas production, the scientific theoretical research and key technical development should also be strengthened in the fields of drilling, well completion, artificial lift, geomechanics and sand controlling.