Abstract: The risk analysis of wind erosion and desertification in black land is significant for the prediction of desertification trend of black land and prevention of desertification disaster. Based on the previous wind erosion risk assessment and land desertification sensitivity assessment factors as well as the practice in Fuyu County, the study selects the factors suitable for the risk assessment and calculate the weights of each factor with analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method. Adopting the experimental data from the ground substrate survey project, the spatial distribution regularity of wind erosion and desertification risk in Fuyu County is obtained through the calculation function of GIS. The assessment results show that Fuyu County is dominated by risk area and light risk area, accounting for 82.99% of the total, and the high risk area less than 0.1%, indicating that there are varying degrees of wind erosion and desertification in the area, with the risk level rising from northeast to southwest, and the governance urgency and difficulty increasing from northeast to southwest. The study defines the risk level limits of wind erosion and desertification, which can provide references for desertification control and prevention.