Abstract: The inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), characterized by quick analysis, low interference and simultaneous determination of multiple elements, is widely used in the analysis and test of geological samples as a common analytic test tool for inorganic chemical elements. However, during the test of complex matrix samples, various interferences caused by matrix effect will also affect the analytical test results, including spectral interference, physical interference, chemical interference, ionization interference, etc. Taking the ICAP-6000 instrument for example, combined with the characteristics of instrument and practical experience, the paper analyzes the causes and features of interferences in the determination of complex matrix samples, and discusses the matrix elimination methods to ensure the accuracy of test results.