Abstract: The destruction status of geological environment and characteristics of goaf are acquired by using the integrated methods of geophysical and drilling exploration. According to the relevant specification requirements, the paper predicts the influence range of small pit goaf, analyzes the stability of residual cavity, the potential activation threat, the development characteristics of three zones of overburden strata caused by mining out, and the features of goaf-induced surface movement, therefore obtains the corresponding surface deformation characteristic parameters.