Abstract: The Western-Song Liao water shortage area covers the hill countries on the boundary of Inner Mongolia Region and Western Liaoning Province and the hilly tablelands on the east slope of Daxinganling Mts.between Inner Mongolia and Northwest Jilin Province. The studied area is one of the important regions for sustainable development of the Northeast China economic zone.The drinking water for man and livestock is badly short due to lack of rainfall,worse quality of water,short supply of ground water and improper management. The shortage of groundwater may be classified into 5 types,i.e.resources type,quality type,technical type,economic type and resources-quality type.The solution to relieve the water shortage of the area is making a thorough investigation of the hydrogeologic condition,as well as strengthening the management of water utilization.