Abstract: Lishu County of Jilin Province, located in the hinterland of Northeast China black soil plain, is a demonstration area for black land protection and plays multiple ecosystem functions. The cluster analysis results of ecological function importance, coupling degree of human activity intensity and ecosystem service value with small watershed as the basic unit are formed on the basis of data such as land use types and remote sensing images. According to the analysis results, the study area is divided into 6 ecological restoration units, including farmland protection and restoration area in the middle reaches of East Liaohe River Basin, ecological protection and restoration area in the south, water conservation area in the southeast, wind prevention and sand fixation and human-land coordinated protection restoration area in the west, soil water conservation and human-land coordinated restoration area in the central and western region, and water conservation restoration area in the central and eastern region. On the basis of clarifying the leading ecological and environmental problems in each unit, measures such as water environment ecological restoration and increasing water conservation forests are put forward to ensure the regional food security and provide references for similar ecological restoration study.